Causes Tag's Archives
Skin Cancer: Causes and Treatment of Skin Cancer
Cancer that forms in tissues of the skin. There are several types of skin cancer. Skin cancer that forms in making melanocytes (pigment cells, the skin) is called melanoma. Skin cancer that forms in basal cells is called a (small round cells at the base of the outer layer of the skin), basal cell carcinoma. Skin cancer that forms in squamous cells (cells that form the flat surface of the skin) is called squamous cell carcinoma. There are three main types of skin cancer – basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma. Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell grows more slowly and can be treated well, especially if recognized early. Melanoma is the most serious form of skin cancer. It affects deeper layers of skin and greater potential to spread to other body tissues. Squamous cell carcinoma can also spread internally.
The causes of skin cancer
Ultraviolet (UV) rays of the sun is the main cause of skin cancer. Energy from the sun is actually a form of radiation. This visible light rays and other people can not see. Invisible infrared radiation, for example, feel the warm sun. UV invisible and causes sunburn and tanning. Skin cancer is mainly due to too much ultraviolet (UV) solar radiation (UV) radiation, causing other sources such as sun or UV lamps.
Heritage – People with a family history of skin cancer is usually a higher risk of developing the disease. to people with fair skin and a heritage of Northern Europe, seem to be more sensitive.
You live closer to the equator, at higher altitudes or in any other place that intensive, year-round sunshine gets.
Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell skin cancers grow very slowly. And the older you are, the more time had to build Sun damage to your skin. So the older you are, the more likely you are to have a non-melanoma skin cancer. But skin cancer can develop in younger people.
If you have had prior radiation therapy, the treatment area will be more at risk for sun damage. It is advisable to keep covered and use sunscreens with high sun protection factor. If you have been exposed to radiation through your work, you will also have a slightly increased risk for non-melanoma skin cancer. ::
Treatment
Radiation therapy can be used for radiotherapy treatment of basal cell or squamous cell cancers. Radiation therapy can also be used for cancer has spread to the lymph nodes to treat. In advanced cancers that have spread elsewhere in the body, radiation therapy can be used to alleviate symptoms. It is also used to treat cancer that is returned (relapse) after they were first treated with surgery.
Chemotherapy. Chemotherapy drugs are used to kill cancer cells. For tumors confined to the upper layer of the skin with creams or lotions, anti-cancer agents can be applied directly to the skin. Topical medications can cause serious inflammation and scarring. Other types of chemotherapy can cause skin cancer that have spread to other parts of the body to treat.
Radiation therapy is treatment with high-energy rays to kill tumor cells or decrease. The radiation may come from outside or from the body of radioactive material directly in the tumor
Surgery is the first step in treating almost all types of skin cancer. conventional surgery (removal of the entire area at once cancer) are not often used for basal and squamous cell tumors of the skin used. Many of basal and squamous cell skin cancer can be removed from the skin quickly and easily.
Prostate Cancer – Causes and Treatment
CancerAdenocarcinoma Prostate Cancer Prostate cancer is the clinical term for a cancerous tumor on the prostate. How to prostate cancer may be in the interior of the gland spread to develop, the tissues near the prostate, the SAC-like structures on the prostate (seminal vesicles) is fixed, and remote parts of the body (eg bone, liver, lung) . Prostate cancer is confined to the gland often successfully treated. The prostate is a walnut size. It is located near the rectum, just below the bladder at the base of the penis. The prostate surrounds the urethra, the tube that urine and semen through the penis. Prostate cancer is the commonest cancer in men, Canadian. Grows slowly, usually, and often can be cured or managed successfully. Risk can FactorsAny develop human prostate cancer. Race, age, family history, diet and the risk of developing prostate cancer. What are the key statistics about prostate cancer? Prostate cancer is more common than skin cancer in American men. The American Cancer Society estimates that diagnosed in 2008, approximately 186 320 new cases of prostate cancer in the United States. 1 man in 6 will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during his lifetime, but only 1 man in 35 will die of it. More than 2 million people in the United States, where prostate cancer were diagnosed at some point are still alive. Causes and risk factor Scientists do not know exactly what causes prostate cancer. Can not explain why a man of prostate cancer and others do not. However, they were some risk factors associated with the disease identified. A risk factor is something that increases your chances of disease. DiagnosisMost time, produces no symptoms of prostate cancer detected early. About 40 percent of prostate cancers are not diagnosed until they have spread outside the prostate. Screening tests are usually the first step in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. When prostate cancer is detected early? if he is still confined to the prostate? It is an exciting opportunity for successful treatment with minimal side effects or short term. Mayo Clinic has many tools to clarify the abnormal findings. Read more about the diagnosis of prostate cancer. TreatmentProstate cancer can be localized (affecting only the prostate) or may be locally advanced or advanced (the cancer has moved beyond the prostate). If doctors believe that cancer only affects the glands, the different types of treatment will be discussed with you. This could bea    · active surveillance (sometimes called â than waiting)? where the state of the tumor closely monitored and treatment initiated only when or if necessary  Â? After external beam radiotherapy? where radiation is used to kill cancer cells Â? After a cabinet? where the prostate for prostate cancer can removedTreatment nerves and muscles near the prostate and intestinal damage and may cause unwanted side effects. Side effects of treatment for prostate cancer include:        * A * Impotence is infertility     · urinary tract problems      Â? After loss of interest in sex? After a change in body image
Cervical Cancer – Symptoms and Causes of Cervical Cancer
Cervical cancer: the malignancy of the cervix or the neck area. You may have vaginal bleeding but symptoms may be absent until the cancer at an advanced stage, which from the middle cervical cancer screening, intensive efforts with the Pap test. In developed countries the widespread use of cervical cancer screening programs, the incidence of invasive cervical cancer by 50% or more has reduced.
The cervix is the lower part of the uterus (womb). It is sometimes the cervix. The body (upper part) of the uterus where the fetus is growing. The cervix connects the body of the uterus, the vagina (birth canal). The part of the cervix closest to the body of the uterus as endocervix. The next part of the vagina exocervix (or ports) is. The place where these two sides will meet as the transformation zone. Most cases of cervical cancer in the processing start area.
Over 85% of cervical cancers are squamous cell carcinomas, the chips, flat SKINlike develop cells for the cervix. Most cases of cervical cancer, other adenocarcinomas, adenosquamous of the glandular cells or cancers that develop develop from a combination of cell types.
The symptoms of cervical cancer
Symptoms usually appear not to be abnormal cells and cancer cells invade nearby tissue. If this happens, is the most common symptom, bleeding disorders, the start and stop between regular menstrual period or may occur after sexual intercourse.
Vaginal bleeding, which is not normal, or a change in your menstrual cycle that it can not be explained.
Menstrual periods that last longer and are heavier than before. Bleeding after sexual intercourse, rinses or a gynecological examination.
Pain during urination: blister or pain during urination can be a symptom of advanced cervical cancer. This symptom usually occurs from cervical cancer if the cancer has spread to the bladder itself.
The causes of cervical cancer
Cervical cancer most often begins in thin, flat cells that the floor of the cervix (squamous). Squamous cell carcinomas account for about 80 percent of all cases of cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is also in the glandular cells occurring at the upper part of the cervix.
Genetic material, the show found on certain types of HPV in cervical tissue, cancer or precancerous changes.
Most cervical cancer is caused by a virus called human papillomavirus, or HPV. You can by HPV, has sex with someone, get. There are many types of HPV. Not all types of HPV cause cervical cancer. Some of them cause genital warts, but other species may cause no symptoms.
The virus is a sexually transmitted disease. There are over 50 types of human papillomavirus (HPV) that infect humans. Types 6 and 11 cause warts in general, while the lead types 16, 18, 31 and 33, usually of high grade cervical dysplasia in the uterus (CIN 2 and CIN-3) and carcinomas.
More than 90 percent of all cervical cancers are squamous cell carcinomas, and researchers believe that this type of tumor may be a sexually transmitted disease. There is strong evidence that cervical cancer is linked to sexually transmitted organisms.
Chemical exposure: women working on farms or in the industries of chemicals that may increase their risk for cervical cancer may be suspended.
Women who have HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, often take drugs that weaken the body causes? S natural immunity or his ability to fight a disease. These women also have an increased risk of cervical cancer and should be monitored closely to their gynecologists for the development of precancerous cervical changes.
Lung Cancer Causes, Symptoms and Treatment for Lung Cancer
What is lung cancer? Lung cancer is cancer that begins in the lungs. Cancer is a disease in the cancer cells grow out of control, the normal cells and organs of the body part. Lung cancer is the cancer killer cells in men and women. An estimated 173 700 new cases of lung cancer and an estimated 160 440 deaths from lung cancer occurs in the United States in 2004. Causes of Lung Cancer and Smoking SmokeCigarette smoke causes lung cancer. In fact, tobacco smoke is a risk factor for lung cancer. In the U.S., about 90% of deaths from lung cancer in men and almost 80% of deaths from lung cancer in women are attributable to smoking. Some rare types of lung cancer are not caused by smoking. Other causes include exposure to certain chemicals and substances such as asbestos, uranium, chromium and nickel. You have been brought in lung cancer connection, but are very rare. Contact your local Environmental Health Officer If you are interested. Symptoms of pulmonary cancer People often choose to see a doctor only after they have been disturbed by certain complaints over a period of time to visit. persons having lung cancer often have symptoms like the following: Up to one quarter of all persons with lung cancer, no symptoms when the cancer diagnosed. The symptoms are caused due to the direct effects of the primary tumor, the effects of metastatic tumors in other parts of the body, or disturbances of hormones, blood, or other systems caused by cancer. Less common symptoms may include swelling of the face or neck, pain below the ribs (right), a hoarse voice and swallowing problems. Coughing up blood (hemoptysis) occurs in a significant number of people who develop lung cancer. Any amount to be coughed up blood-cause alarm. Treatment of pulmonary CancerAn individual has a better idea of the value of the various forms of therapy. Other factors are also taken into account the person’s general health, health problems, the treatment (eg chemotherapy influence), and the properties of the tumor. In some cases, you can choose to undergo the treatment. For example, we can assume that the side effects of treatment outweigh the potential benefits. If this is the case, your doctor may comfort (palliative) care, to treat only the symptoms of cancer suggest is the cause, such as pain. Once the lung cancer is detected, a treatment based on the patient’s physical health developed small cell lung cancer, or if non-small cell and how the cancer has spread. (See “Stages of lung cancer.) Treatment may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy or a combination of two or more of these therapies. Medical and Treatment chemo therapy therapy chemo therapy radiation and radiation can result in a cure in a small number of patients. These therapies result in a reduction of the tumor and are known to prolong life for a long time in most patients. Chemotherapy and radiation are very effective in relieving the symptoms. After treatment treatmentFollow-up allows you and your healthcare team to assess the progress and to monitor therapeutic treatment. At first, the after-care is managed by a team of specialists from your health care. Later, it can be treated by a GP. The time of follow-up visits is different for each person. You could then consult your doctor more frequently in first year after treatment, and less often later.
Stomach Cancer, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prognosis
Written by adminof on July 25, 2010 in Cancer
Tags: Cancer, Causes, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Stomach, Symptoms, TREATMENT
Stomach cancer is common worldwide and affects all races, is more common in men than in women, and the peak age range 40-60 years. Stomach cancer mortality is higher in Japan and Chile, presumably because of the different diets in those countries where they are less dependent on red meat.
In the last 25 years, the incidence of stomach cancer in the Western world by 50% and the mortality reduction is less than a third of what it once was, but in less developed countries continues to be one the main causes of death, probably because in these countries, as the disease is diagnosed (usually by means of barium), stomach cancer is very advanced.
Cancers of the stomach
There are several types of stomach cancer, some of which are very rare. The most common types of stomach cancer begins in the glandular cells of the stomach lining (adenocarcinomas), this is when stomach acid and digestive enzymes are made and where to start most stomach cancer. When the stomach cancer is more advanced, can travel through the bloodstream and spread of organs such as liver, lung and bone. Stomach cancer, which start in the lymphatic tissue (lymphomas) are stomach muscle tissue (sarcoma) or in tissues, the organs of the digestive tract (GIST support) are less common and are treated in different ways.
Signs and symptoms
Early indications of stomach cancer are chronic dyspepsia and epigastric discomfort, in successive stages for weight loss, anorexia, a feeling of fullness after eating followed, anemia and fatigue. The blood in the stool may also be present, and if the tumor in the cardia (top) vomiting may occur.
CAUSATION
The exact cause of stomach cancer is unknown, although the presence of the Helicopter pylori bacterium seems to be an important factor. Predisposing factors include environmental influences such as smoking and alcohol consumption. Because gastric cancer is more common in people with a family history and the people with blood type A are genetic factors are involved. dietary factors, including the methods of food preservation such as pickling, smoking or salting also have an influence on the incidence of stomach cancer.
DIAGNOSIS
Stomach cancer is by examination, that an upper GI gastrointestinal () series, endoscopy or gastroscopy where a thin tube down is given to the neck, so include the doctor the stomach, esophagus, and can see the top can be diagnosed barium barium and intestinal swallows . Because gastric cancer in the liver, pancreas and other organs near the stomach and the lungs can spread, your doctor may check a CT scan, a PET scan, an endoscopic ultrasound or other tests in these areas.
Stomach cancer can spread metastasize () on the esophagus or small intestine, and can through the stomach wall to nearby lymph nodes and organs to be extended. Metastasis occurs in 80-90% of individuals with stomach cancer, with a five-year survival of 75% in the early and diagnosed and diagnosed less than 30% of respondents in the late phase.
TREATMENT
Although stomach cancer may be treated with surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy in many cases surgery is the treatment of choice. Even in patients whose disease is not considered curable surgically, resection offers a palliative effect and improves the potential benefits of chemotherapy.
The nature and extent of the tumor determines the type of operation is more suitable. Common surgical procedures include partial or complete removal of the stomach.
Antiemetics can control nausea, which increases with advancing cancer. In more advanced stages, sedatives and tranquilizers may be needed to control anxiety. Drugs are often necessary to cut control and continual pain.
can evaporate led in some cases of advanced gastric cancer, a laser beam through an endoscope, most of the tumor and relieve obstruction without an operation.
PROGNOSIS
Stomach cancer is curable if diagnosed early, but most people do not seek medical help, is well advanced to the disease, perhaps because symptoms occur late and are often vague and nonspecific. Eating fresh fruits and vegetables that antioxidant vitamins (such as A and C included) seems to reduce the risk of stomach cancer. The rate of stomach cancer is about doubled in smokers as smoking cessation is essential.
In the United States and most of the Western world, the survival rate after five years of 5% to 15%. In Japan, where stomach cancer often diagnosed early, the 5-year survival of 50%. Five-year survival rates for cancers of the stomach latest range of approximately 20% for those with regional disease to almost zero for those with distant metastases.
Treatment in metastatic gastric cancer can relieve symptoms and prolong survival sometimes, but long remissions are rare. The survival of inoperable stomach cancer is usually only a few months if untreated. With chemotherapy the average survival time is about 12 months. If cancer is found before it has spread, the survival rate for five years about 61%.